Intellectual Development and Language of the Child

According to Piaget.

a renowned author who has done several studies on child development, cognitive development is divided into four major stages: sensorimotor stage, pre-operative thought, concrete operational thinking and formal oratory thought.

A. Sensorimotor stage (0 to 2 years) The sensorimotor period is between zero and two years.
An important step is the recognition of form.
Look like a baby four months agitated when you show him his bottle or his favorite toy.
He remembers the pleasure it gives him and he wishes. Another sign of its evolution is to understand causality: if I make an action that creates a result.

Many toys are designed to help the child to assimilate the concept of cause and effect.
All activity centers, tops, porticos and exercises all the toys with the result of the action produces a visual or audible.
Baby constantly repeat the movements necessary for the sake of the effect and success. The acquisition of object permanence comes around the age of eight months. At this stage the child understands that an object continues to exist even if no one sees him. Experience in front of him hiding a toy under a blanket.
If baby does not attempt to retrieve the toy by removing the cover, it has not yet acquired the object permanence.
Games cuckoo, surprise boxes or other toys with which we hide elements involve that concept. This is the age of exploration, the child learns from its experiences and discoveries.
He comes to understand some phenomena to force them to repeat and observe the results.
Let it explore its environment while keeping it safe.
Put at its disposal equipment varied things piling up, fit, roll, leap, etc.
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Language From its first months, the child needs communication.

You listen carefully and you answered, stammering his way and producing all kinds of sounds. It is important to talk to him often because even at the age of one year and includes many more words than he uses.
Once the child begins to say a few words, about a year, he should be encouraged by providing small cardboard books. He loves looking at pictures and name what they represent your company. About two years, most children use sentences of three words to be understood.
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Thought preoperative (2 to 5 years) The next step is between two and five years is the intuitive thought or pre-operatively.
The child has an egocentric thought is to say that all events and evidence surrounding the act and react according to him.
An example illustrates this idea: a child of four years is convinced that the moon follows him when he is driving a car. The pre-logical thought means it is capable of reasoning but from experiences and considering only one criterion at a time.
If you put before him the same amount of water in a tall glass and a large glass narrow, it will ensure that there is more water in the narrow glass. It can not consider that the height of the liquid.
Two to five years is a period when the child is of basic learning. He is able to draw objects from simple criteria: colors, shapes, sizes, textures.

It can combine two images or two similar items that have a logical link: habitats and animals, opposites, and sports accessories, crafts and tools, etc.. Games symbolic But the most striking feature of this stage is the appearance of imitation games.
The child is able to reproduce a past action by his gestures and verbal expression.
To do this, he plays the roles of fictional characters known or invented and reproduced or scenarios.
All accessories for pretend are very popular at this age: doctor's bag, beauty, set of tools, costumes, for cooking.

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All those games, more toys with figures, animals, vehicles and dolls occupy the majority of playing time at that age.
The reproduction of facts is also experienced with graphic representation activities. This engages the whole development of creativity.

The material used is varied and can express his ideas in many ways: all kinds of pencils, paint, clay, collages, etc..

Spatial Organization This is the beginning of spatialization, the place an object in space and learning of spatial cues.
Puzzles and games construction provides familiarity with spatial relationships.
By dint of handling coins, the child assimilates the terms top, bottom, front, rear, etc.
. Understanding these concepts will be crucial in spatial learning of writing.
C. Concrete operational thinking (6 to 8 years) The concrete operational thinking is between six and eight years. This is the age of entry to school: the teaching of reading, writing, mathematics and other knowledge.

All this learning can be equated with a certain evolution in the reasoning.
The child is now able to classify or rank items based on more complex.

He begins to understand the concept of time is so difficult to assimilate. Understanding the spatial and temporal relationships can deliver more elaborate constructions and projects in the longer term. He can think more logically, taking into account two criteria at once, which gives access to games of strategy.

Now he can read and count, it can acquire a wealth of knowledge in various fields.
D. Formal operational thinking (9 years) The end of the last stage, formal operational thought is a sign of intellectual maturity almost complete.
Older children, like adults, can solve problems by assumptions and inferences.
From now on, these are the tastes of each individual will determine the performance in one area or another. Whether in the sciences, arts or sports, they develop skills for one or another field.